Sickle cell disease affects many families of African descent. Nigeria has one of the highest numbers of people living with the condition in the world. When families relocate abroad, they often find better access to specialist care, but also new challenges: cold weather, unfamiliar hospital systems and, sometimes, healthcare staff who don’t fully understand the condition.
This guide offers general information. Always follow advice from your own medical team.
Register With Specialist Services Early
Don’t wait for a crisis. After relocating:
- Register with a family doctor immediately
- Ask for referral to a haematology or sickle cell specialist service
- Bring copies of medical records, including genotype results, previous crises, transfusion history and current medication
- Ask about a personalised care plan
A written care plan that you can show emergency staff can make a big difference during a crisis.
Understand Emergency Pathways
Know where to go during a pain crisis or complication. Some hospitals have specialist pathways or day units for sickle cell patients. Ask your specialist team what to do and where to go, and keep this information handy.
Cold Weather and Sickle Cell
Cold temperatures can trigger crises for some people. In winter:
- Dress in warm layers
- Keep your home adequately heated
- Avoid sudden temperature changes
- Stay hydrated, even when you don’t feel thirsty
- Carry warm clothing when travelling
Infections and Vaccinations
People with sickle cell disease may be more vulnerable to certain infections. Ask your medical team about recommended vaccinations and any preventive medication. Seek medical help promptly for fevers.
Advocating for Yourself
Some patients report delays in pain relief or feeling disbelieved in emergency departments. Advocacy tips:
- Clearly state that you have sickle cell disease
- Show your care plan
- Describe your pain honestly and specifically
- Bring a family member or friend to support you
- Ask staff to contact your haematology team
- Make a formal complaint if care falls short
Support Organisations
Patient organisations provide information, advocacy and community. In the UK, the Sickle Cell Society offers resources for patients, families and carers. Similar organisations exist in the US, Canada and Europe.
Work and Education
Sickle cell disease can be considered a disability under equality laws in some countries, which may entitle you to reasonable adjustments at work or school, such as flexible hours, rest breaks and support during absences. Discuss your needs with your employer or school.
Children With Sickle Cell
Many countries include sickle cell screening in newborn screening programmes. Children may receive specialist follow-up, preventive treatment and school support plans. Inform schools and childcare providers about your child’s condition and emergency plan.
Mental Health
Living with a chronic condition can affect emotional wellbeing. Seek support from your medical team, counsellors and patient communities.
Know Your Genotype
Everyone planning a family should know their genotype. Genetic counselling services can help couples understand the chances of having a child with sickle cell disease and the options available.
Travel Planning
Before trips home or abroad, speak to your specialist about travel advice, medication supplies, hydration, and travel insurance that covers your condition. Long flights and climate changes can be demanding, so plan ahead.
Blood Donation Matters
Many sickle cell patients need regular blood transfusions, and well-matched blood often comes from donors of similar ethnic backgrounds. Encourage healthy family members and friends to register as blood donors where they are eligible.
Blood services in the UK, US and Canada run campaigns to recruit more Black donors. A single donation can help several patients.
Final Thoughts
Many people with sickle cell disease live full, active lives abroad. Register with specialist services early, prepare for cold weather, carry a care plan, advocate for yourself and connect with support organisations. Knowledge and preparation are powerful tools.